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 More computer ebooks Multimedia MPEG 7 Audio and Beyond Audio: Content Indexing and Retrieval
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 The purpose of Chapter 2 is to provide the reader with a detailed overview of low-level audio descriptors. To a large extent this chapter provides the foundations and definitions for most of the remaining chapters of the book. Since MPEG-7 provides an established framework with a large set of descriptors, the standard is used as an example to illustrate the concept. The mathematical definitionsof all MPEG-7 low-level audio descriptors are outlined in detail. Other established low-level descriptors beyond MPEG-7 are introduced. In Chapter 3 the reader is introduced to the concepts of sound similarity and sound classification. Various classifiers and their properties are discussed. Lowlevel descriptors introduced in the previous chapter are employed for illustration. The MPEG-7 standard is again used as a starting point to explain the practical implementation of sound classification systems. Chapter 4 focuses on MPEG-7 SpokenContent description. It is possible to follow most of the chapter without reading the other parts of the book. The primary goal is to provide the reader with a detailed overview of ASR and its use for MPEG-7 SpokenContent description. The structure of the MPEG-7 SpokenContent description itself is presented in detail and discussed in the context of the spoken document retrieval (SDR) application. Music description tools for specifying the properties of musical signals are discussed in Chapter 5. We focus explicitly on MPEG-7 tools. Concepts for instrument timbre description to specify perceptual features of musical sounds are discussed using reduced sets of descriptors. Melodies can be described using MPEG-7 description schemes for melodic similarity matching. An overview of audio fingerprinting and audio signal quality description is provided in Chapter 6. In general, the MPEG-7 low-level descriptors can be seen as providing a fingerprint for describing audio content. Audio fingerprinting has to a certain extent been described in Chapters 2 and 3. We will focus in Chapter 6 on fingerprinting tools specifically developed for the identification of a piece of audio and for describing its quality. Chapter 7 finally provides an outline of example applications using the concepts developed in the previous chapters. Various applications and experimental results are provided to help the reader visualize the capabilities of concepts for content analysis and description. Download free ebook for multimedia: MPEG 7 Audio and Beyond Audio
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